The main function and performance requirements of transformer oil
Release time:
2022-03-30
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The main function of transformer oil:
(1) Insulation effect: Transformer oil has a much higher dielectric strength than air. The insulating material is immersed in oil, which not only improves the dielectric strength, but also protects it from moisture.
(2) Heat dissipation: Transformer oil has a large specific heat and is often used as a coolant. The heat generated during the operation of the transformer causes the oil close to the iron core and the winding to expand and rise. Through the convection of the oil up and down, the heat is dissipated through the radiator to ensure the normal operation of the transformer.
(3) Arc suppression function: On the oil circuit breaker and the on-load voltage regulating switch of the transformer, an arc will be generated when the contacts are switched. Because the transformer oil has good thermal conductivity, and under the high temperature of the arc, it can touch a large amount of gas and generate a large pressure, thereby improving the arc extinguishing performance of the medium and making the arc extinguish quickly.
The performance of transformer oil usually has the following requirements:
(1) The density of transformer oil should be as small as possible to facilitate the precipitation of moisture and impurities in the oil.
(2) The viscosity should be moderate, too large will affect convection heat dissipation, and too small will reduce the flash point.
(3) The flash point should be as high as possible, generally not lower than 136℃.
(4) The freezing point should be as low as possible.
(5) The lower the content of impurities such as acid, alkali, sulfur, and ash, the better, so as to avoid their corrosion to insulating materials, wires, fuel tanks, etc. as much as possible.
(6) The degree of oxidation should not be too high. The degree of oxidation is usually expressed in acid value, which refers to the amount of potassium hydroxide (mg) required to absorb the free acid in 1 gram of oil.
(7) The stability should not be too low. The stability is usually expressed by the sediment of the acid value test, which represents the anti-aging ability of the oil.
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